Mediations: Philip Young

  • Mediations comments on public relations, journalism, and communication ethics, often in the context of social media. Philip Young is a senior lecturer in public relations and journalism at the University of Sunderland, specialising in media ethics. He is also a lead researcher for the Euprera EuroBlog project. All views expressed here are personal and should not be seen as representing the University of Sunderland.

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      Journalists appear in fiction in many guises and play many roles. Sometimes they provide central characters, often they intrude on the action, their attentions as unwelcome as they often are in real life. Scoop! gathers together these appearances under a variety of themes, some amusing, some trivial, some giving an insight into how the Press works and how it is seen to impact on our society.

      Scoop! Journalists in Fiction

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      Background for students and practitioners researching topics covered by Mediations, including media ethics and the impact of social software on PR and journalism practice.
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      Recommended sources for public relations. An excellent site with comprehensive UK content.
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      The Public Relations Bibliography, run by David Phillips, offers student resources for internet mediated PR and PR Evaluation.
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      Simply the best resource for anyone trying to understand the global impact of the New PR
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    PR in Fiction: But how does he know?

    Although Mark Mills seems to present a credible picture of a British Information Officer working in 1942 Malta, how can the reader tell if it is in fact accurate? Here are a few excerpts from an apparently straightforward explanation of Max Chadwick's role. He is talking to Lilian, the half-Maltese, half-British newspaper deputy editor, trying to persuade her to run a picture of an old man who shot down an Italian plane with a rifle; it's a good story but it might be seen to promote illegal behaviour.

    The Information office and the only Maltese-language newspaper... might make for natural bedfellows but Lilian's loyalties were not always served by the British policy which Max was bound to promote. This made for an uneasy collaboration, a tentative trade of services. Lilian advised Max on how best to pitch the tone of his publications and in return she received the kind of of information she could not get from anyone else.

    (Max) crushed out his cigarette against the sole of his shoe, anything to avoid her eyes. "There are a lot of things I don't tell you - can't tell you - you know that."

    Before the war, Max was an architect, with no inclination of his future role.

    "...it was still strange to him that the task of manipulating minds came so naturally to him. He had always regarded himself as something of a loner.... yet here he was, deep in the minds of the masses, second guessing their reactions to events, guiding and enlightening them, a high priest at the altar of the great god Morale."

    The question is, how does Mark Mills know that an information officer and a journalist would have had this kind of relationship? Conceivably, through careful research - the newspaper is real and there presumably was someone doing Chadwick's job. But how much comes from Mills own preconceptions of what the relationship was? Does Mills have direct experience of such a relationship?

    These are questions that could be asked and possibly answered, but do they need to be asked? It is the author's task to persuade the reader that the setting for his fiction is credible, not to prove that it is accurate or true. In this case, Mills does not need to be accurate, rather he must create a situation that is believable, that resonates with the conception of such a relationship that shared by his readers.

    In terms of the representation of PR, this resonance allows him to explicitly refer to Chadwick's work with the phrase 'manipulating minds'.

    Maybe Mills has read Bernays...    

    PR in Fiction: Through a journalist's eyes... (again)

    One of the reasons many PRs feel their discipline enjoys a poor reputation is that its public image is largely shaped by their natural foes, journalists. And they are probably right, at least insofar as the practice of PR discussed in the media is almost always confined to media relations - and usually media relations done badly.

    It is not much different in fiction. Information and press officers often crop up as official spokespersons (but not as often as they do in real life - how many times have you read a crime novel in which dialogue with the police is via a voicebank?). The role of the spokesperson in fiction is almost always to thwart the free flow of information and when this resonates with the author's previous experience as an oft-thwarted journalist the depiction of PR is likely to be yet more unfavourable.

    Former financial journalist Sophie Kinsella amplifies two potent prejudices in Confessions of a Shopaholic. The dashing anti-hero Luke Brandon, boss of Brandon Communications, is handsome and rich (journalists always believe PRs make much more money than for doing much less work) and PR practice is personified by the awful Alicia who treats Shopaholic journalist Becky Bloomwood with a lazy contempt. Towards the end, as Becky is asking valid and perceptive questions of her client, Alicia holds a parallel and more important conversation with an assistant about the precise make-up of her lunchtime sandwich.

    "So, Rebecca, any other questions? Tell you what, shall I send you our latest press pack? That's bound to answer any other queries. Or you could fax in your questions."

    Stupid patronising cow. Can't even be bothered to take my questions seriously.

    PRs will say this kind of thing never happens; journalists will point to today's huge pile of ill-targeted and unwanted press releases.

    And don't get them started about those annoying follow-up calls.... 


        

    PR in Fiction: First thoughts

    The-Information-Officer-b-002 Where to start with my Stirling conference paper on PR in fiction? Partly because I am reading The Information Officer by Mark Mills, I am thinking of a chronological sequence, beginning with its narrator, Max Chadwick, the eponymous information officer who is working in wartime Malta. Naturally, with Malta being pounded by German bombs (apparently much worse in tonnage than the London Blitz) his job is closer to propaganda than "information PR".

    I will then move on to Roger Buckley's in John Christopher's 1950s novel, The Death of Grass.  In both novels, the narrative is driven by the characters' access to highly confidential information, and examines the ethics of exploiting this knowledge for private purposes. Straightaway, this points towards what I see as one of the most challenging framings of ethical PR - to whom should the practitioners' loyalty lie? To him/herself? To the client? To society? 

    I will definitely be using Confessions of a Shopaholic's Luke Brandon's dilemma over representing dodgy finance firm Flagstaff Life when my MA PR Ethics class tackles this subject next year...

    The chronological approach is of course problematical. Although it is set in 1942 it was published in 2009 and Mills' account is necessarily coloured by perceptions shaped over the ensuing 50-plus years. (It will become even harder if I decide to include 1984's Winston Smith in the paper!!!)

           

    Fancy a free copy of Online PR? Then help me help Barnardo's

    GIBBET

    On Saturday I am doing the Northen Rock Cyclone challenge, a hilly 101-mile cycle ride through Northumberland, and am hoping to raise money for children's charity Barnardo's.

    If you would like to support me, go to my Just Giving page. I'll put the names of everyone who sponsors me for at least £1.00 (that's less than a penny a mile!) into a draw to win a copy of Online Public Relations 2nd ed...

    Please Tweet this (I am @mediations), post to Facebook, or do anything else you can think of that will help a very good cause.   

    Want a career in PR? New Sunderland MA will open doors

    Sunderland's MA in Public Relations was officially approved by the University this week and we are looking forward to welcoming our first students at the end of September.

    The new programme is aimed at journalism and media students who are looking to use a communications degrees to build a career in PR, at ambitious PR practitioners who want to broaden their understanding of theory and learn new skills by studying part-time or full-time, and at CIPR Diploma holders who want to move up to the next level.

    Naturally, social media will be at the heart of the programme (if you need convincing why this is importnat read this post from Kristina Summers). 

    Here's what we will do:

    Stage 1 – Postgraduate Certificate
    MACM27 Public Relations: Theory & Practice 1 (30 credits)
    MACM28 Media Research (15)    
    MACM29 PR & Marketing Communications (15) 
        
    Stage 2 – Postgraduate Diploma
    MACM49 Public Relations: Theory & Practice 2 (30)  
    MACM69 Social Media & PR (15)    
    MACM70 PR and Society: Ethics and Critical Contexts (15)    

    Stage 3 – Masters
    MACM88 Dissertation (60)     
        OR             
    MACM89 Practical Project (60)   

    Those with a CIPR Diploma will join at Stage 2.

    If you want to know more about MA Public Relations please contact Programme Leader Philip Young (philip.young@sunderland.ac.uk).

         

    Why I love eMusic.com

    Although I have been enjoying mp3s and downloaded music for quite a while - I still have my Diamond Rio PMP300 which held SIX whole songs!!!! - I have only recently become a iPod convert, and started to buy tracks from iTunes and Amazon.... and part of me still doesn't think it is real. This is partly because I like to have things I can hold and partly because I don't particularly like headphones.

    Big leap forward number one was finding I could play my iPod through my car system. Big leap three will be finding a way to playing digital music in my house. I am thinking that a Logitech Squeezebox might be the answerr? Has anyone tried one?

    Big leap two, was discovering www.emusic.com. For just £11.99 I can download 50 tracks a month, so about £2.50 an album. Not bad, but it is the selction that thrills me...

    If you go to eMusic searching for chart-topping bands you will probably be disappointed, but if you like jazz, reggae and world music there are some real treats to be found.

    I would have happily paid the month's subscription for Esbjorn Svensson Trio's Live in Hamburg double CD, but it cost only 10 of my May 50... leaving space for Sonny Rollins, Thelonious Monk, Eric Dolphy and new discoveries like Lars Danielsson, Ted Nash and In The Country.  

    I've also topped up with albums from Television, Tom Waits, Nick Lowe, Joe Strummer, Peter Bjorn and John, Royksopp, David Byrne and Brian Eno.

    If you want an invite, let me know (that way I get 50 free tracks if you sign up...). 



    PR in fiction abstract: Can you help?

    Delighted that my abstract for Everywhere and Nowhere: Public Relations in postwar British fiction has been accepted for the Stirling 21 Public Relations Professional Project Conference, at the University of Stirling in September.

    I have been working on this for a while but I would be very grateful to hear of any suggestions. As well as major characters (of which there are surprisingly few) I'm looking for quite fleeting appearances by people who are described as PR practitioners. 

    I am aware of quite a number of novels which feature political spin doctors but not so many that include characters who work inhouse or in small agencies. Can you help?

    Anyway, here's the abstract:

    Everywhere and Nowhere: Public Relations in postwar British fiction
     
    Commentators and critics frequently claim that ‘PR is everywhere’,  that its shaped messages pervade all forms of media. But at the same time it is readily acknowledged that most ‘ordinary’ people will struggle to name a PR practitioner or provide a definition of the discipline that could be readily accepted by its professional.

    This tension routinely exercises those who seek to drive forward the professionalisation project. Many suggest that such development is made more difficult by media representations of PR. As in documentary, so in literature; although manipulation or distortion of message and truth is a mainstay of novels across many genres, there are relatively few developed characters in British fiction who are located within the practice of culture of Public Relations.

    This paper suggests that the framings of fiction help us to identify and interrogate iconic and consensual constructions of public relations. Most novelists will strive to create of images and behaviours that resonate with public expectations; (usually) for a character or a plot device to succeed, the writer must have respect for parameters that are acceptable to the reader.

    Often, a work environment or work role provides a vehicle for narrative expression and direction; certainly it can act as code or shorthand which both reflects and illuminates popular perceptions of that discipline or function. If the novelist is successful, fictional creations will reflect what is held to be an ‘accurate’,  certainly a plausible portrayal of the function and, in some cases. reinforce and amplify compliant descriptions to iconic status (an example might be Dixon of Dock Green, which became an accepted if unrealistic portrayal of a golden era of policing).

    This paper draws on concepts developed in a similar study of journalism in fiction to examine at representations of Public Relations in a range of UK novels published since 1945, taking in genres ranging from crime and thrillers, popular and literary fiction, to fantasy and science fiction. Key texts include Christopher (The Death of Grass, 1956), Bedford (Exit, Orange & Red, 1997) and Kelly (Crusaders, 2008) but it is often passing references to incidental characters in novels with little structural connection with Public  Relations which offer the most resonate associations.
     
    It gathers together these appearances under a variety of themes, some amusing, some trivial, which give an insight into how the public relations is held to operate, and how this is seen to impact on our society.  This in turn encourages critical reflection on the perceived worth of public relations and, in particular, its relationship with public interest.

     

    A good time to say 'Thank you'...

    Mediations will have been online for five years this week and it was great that this coincides with getting an email from Kogan Page to say that Online Public Relations has arrived from the printers. So, I am now awaiting a parcel... with an unsettling mixture of anticipation and anxiety. I am pretty sure David Phillips and I have had some good ideas over the many months it took to write the book but how many of them made it in to the final version in the way we would have wanted remains to be seen.

    Anyway, as the big day approaches, I thought it would be appropriate to post my contribution to the Acknowledgments page of Online PR. As ever, there are lots of people who deserve to be here but aren't - it doesn't mean I have forgotten you! Thanks to you all.

    Most of all I would like to thank David for inviting me to help with the second edition of Online PR. I have learnt more about social media from him than anyone else and am grateful for the opportunity to make a contribution to this book. I would also like to thank my Delivering the New PR friends Chris Rushton, Tom Murphy, Neville Hobson, Stuart Bruce and Elizabeth Albrycht, my EuroBlog partners Ansgar Zerfass, Swaran Sandhu and Anne-Marie Cotton, and the blogger I think has done most to help PR students, Richard Bailey. All of them exemplify my belief that the more you put into social media the more you get out of it.

    Social Media Stategy presentation

    Neat work from VizEdu

    Typepad

    Sent from my iPhone

    Social Media key to Sunderland PR MA

    I suppose it was predictable that some newspapers would pour scorn on Birmingham City University's MA in Social Media (check #masocialmedia). 

    At Sunderland we are working hard on our new MA in Public Relations. Naturally, the need to understand the impact of social media is at the heart of the programme. 

    We are not offering an MA in Facebook. But we do believe we would be failing our students badly if social media WASN'T a key element. 

    Guilty secrets, forbidden books

    Bad thing Not long ago there was a story about the books people pretended they had read but hadn't really (bizarrely the short and readable 1984 was high on the list). I am not sure I have ever done that... but I have read quite a few books I would be quite embarrassed to admit I'd read. In fact I have two on the go at the moment that I might think about covering with brown paper before daring to be seen in public reading.

    Officially I am engrossed in Jan Kjaerstad's The Discoverer but I have galloped through the first 65 pages of I Did a Bad Thing (but haven't we all!), by Linda Green. The thing is it has one of the those red on orangey-yellow, all handwritten curly letters chick-lit covers that I am far too cool and intellectual to even look at.

    I was uneasy with this to start with - then my daughter picked it up and accused me of reading 'girly books'!

    It's for work, I said, lamely.

    And it is. The central character is a regional journalist. Quite early on she is treated rather shabbily by a boyfriend who worked on the Stockport Express, so I felt a bit guilty on her behalf, and anyway, this means it is prime material for my much-loved Scoop! project. Post(s) to follow.

    The second guilty secret is Can We Do That? Outrageous PR Stunts That Work - and Why Your Company Needs Them, by Peter Shankman. This is tricky. It is public relations as publicity, column inches are everything, and written in a breathless self-help style that is close to the parody of my current favourite finally-bought-on-CD-20+-years-after-I-bought-the-record albums, Kissing With Confidence, by Will Powers (well worth a listen).

    Dare I point my students to Shankman? Should I encourage them to read a such a stridently non-academic text? Believe me, this is not Grunig, Theaker or Gregory. It is not even Phillips and Young (Online PR 2nd Ed comes out in May!!!!).

    But it has energy and ideas. I am enjoying it.

    But nowhere near as much as Linda Green...   

    Let's ban Facebook because kids like it...

    People are saying horrible things about us - let's shut our eyes and put our fingers in our ears.

    That seems to be the official line on social media taken by a lot of Further Education colleges. It is not, I hasten to add, the view of those who work in communications and marketing but does seem to be the prevailing attitude of those further up the foodchain.

    I am analysing some useful feedback from delegates who will attend the Association of Colleges Communications Conference on Thursday. With Sunderland colleague Chris Rushton, I will be talking about Modern Media Trends and College Communications. To get us started, we did a survey, seeking to discover how college communicators used social media; the results were, let's say, ... challenging.

    From the outset, I failed to anticipate that many, many colleges ban access to social media sites. One respondent tells us:

    "We have a constant battle with IT over access to social media sites - in fact I had to send a staff member home to work on it - which I was then told was unacceptable in itself..."

    The central theme of most replies focuses on 'policing' and 'control' - we are frightened that people will post negative comments etc. My response will be along the lines of "Live with it - they will say and are saying these things whether or not you engage with social media...."

    Which is easy for me to say...

    I would be very grateful for any practical advice I can hand on to communicators who are keen to contribute to social media conversations but need to persuade administrators, executives and... (heaven help us!) their IT departments that the possibility of hearing negative comments is not a good reason for missing out on a range of media channels that will go on being hugely popular - whatever FE College policy decrees.

    Carpet > I love you

    _45359538_loveyou 

    All communication is subject to mediation and repurposing - as this romantic gesture illustrates. Storey Carpets began by using the most basic publicity tool - painting the word "carpets" on the warehouse roof - and then demonstrated sophisticated public relations skills by responding to what some would brand as vandalism with warmth and humour. Story via the BBC.

    Visualising social media from a Grunigian perspective

    David Phillips grunig SM graphic

    David Phillips has put together a thought-provoking graphic to illustrate what he calls a A Grunigian view of modern PR.  

    UPDATE: And now James Grunig has added his own comment to David's Post.

    PR in fiction: through the eyes of others

    For sometime I have been thinking about setting up a companion to my Scoop! Journalists in Fiction blog, looking at the way public relations is represented by novelists. Only indolence holds back Scoop! but finding mentions of PR is more of a challenge.

    Which is sort of the point. Scoop! suggests that it is instructive to see how writers portray journalism; by and large, authors strive to create convincing characters so their representations of the discipline and its practitioners must somewhow resonate with wider conceptions held by readers. When I get round to it, Spin! PR in Fiction will do the same thing, hopefully giving an insight into what a range of novelists consider to be plausible notions of who PR people are and what they do.

    Over Christmas I finally got around to reading Richard T Kelly's Tyneside-set Crusaders, an ambitious and impressive novel that is grounded in sharp observation and gritty realism. One of the central characaters, vicar John Gore meets his sister in brasserie (of course). Susannah has moved into lobbying: "Well, I was fucked off with PR. Having to worry about the size of bloody billboards all the time..."

    If that is Kelly's conception of PR, how about this from Murray Sayle's tale of 1960s Fleet Street, A Crooked Sixpence (recently republished by Revel Barker). Sunday Sun reporters O'Toole and Knight are paying a visit to Oliver Dawson Associates, Advertising, Camden Town.

    "What's your business exactly, Dawson?" asked Knight.

    "Well, it used to be called publicity," said Dawson, "We've only recently reached the status of a profession, if you know what I mean. The proper term is public relations."

    Dawson explains that he has a couple of hundred accounts, mainly in the 'medical and theatrical professions': "We work creatively, not to plug our clients indiscriminately, but to mould and guide the attitude of the public, to influence, in a straightforward way, of course, the editors of the mass media..."

    His role is to "get customers to the point of sale". To do this he handwrites and pins up in shops cards informing passers-by that Miss Maria now gives relaxing treatment and Miss Raymonde offers corrective treatment.

    Knight: "He's convinced himself that this is public relations and you will never shake him off it. It probably is, at that. What the hell is public relations, anyway?"

    O'Toole: "It means getting stories into papers without paying for them."  

    News of the What???

    My level 3 Media Ethics class was looking at the News of the World's Gordon Ramsey "He's an F-ing Cheat" splash this week. .

    The F-Word star—who revels in his family man image—began his affair with blonde Sarah Symonds seven years ago.

    This week they met for sex at a London hotel. Hours earlier, she made a trip to Soho and bought legal sex drugs for their tryst.

    There was a predictable split between those who though Ramsey was a hypocrite and those he thought he deserved a good shaming.

    But there was complete agreement over one thing - not a single student knew what a 'tryst' was!

    I wonder how many other words in the tablod lexicon mean absolutely nothing to the most of their readers?

    We also looked at the activities of the NotW's Fake Sheik Mazher Mahmood. In My Trade, Andrew Marr says: "To many (Mahmood) is the epitome of what real investigative journalism is all about. To others, not only his victims but some judges, politicians and broadsheet journalists, he is a bugging, intrusive menace and a blot on the trade.”

    One of his harshest critics is Roy Greenslade: read Why I am out to nail Mazher Mahmood 

    In a vote at the end of sessions. both my groups decisively backed the Sheik. 

    Continue reading "News of the What???" »

    Mediations tastes Delicious

    While trying to persuade my Level 3 students of the virtues of Delicious I had a flash of inspiration - or discovered the blindingly obvious. Your choice.

    I think Delicious is one of the most valuable tools I use. Hardly a day goes by without me tagging something to my account. But I had never thought to tag my own posts to Mediations or Scoop! and take advantage of a very efficient indexing system, much more powerful and instructive than Typepad categories.

    Has everybody else been doing this for years....?

    How we do it: Journalism and PR@Sunderland blog

    With my colleague Alex Lockwood, we have set up a blog for anyone studying PR or Journalism at Sunderland. It's early days yet but please take a look - any suggestions on how to improve it will be welcome.

    As well as providing course info and pointers to interesting discussions, we hope it will also showcase some of the great work being done by our students. I think Alex and I are quite happy with how it is developing but as expected we need to do more work to encourage students to visit - RSS is not part of their culture and life is too exciting to actually check what lecturers are saying. Likewise, it is not easy to persuade non-blogging colleagues to really get involved...

    Suggestions please!

    Continue reading "How we do it: Journalism and PR@Sunderland blog" »

    President McCain... it's my fault

    This is simply brilliant. I defy you not to forward it to someone...

    Time for a change

    Ethics and Social Media

    Haircm

    I am in Stavanger, giving a presentation on Ethics and Social Media to the Norwegian Communication Association's Autumn Seminar. It is an impressive event attracting 400 delegates and even without Norwegian it is clear they have heard some good sessions.

    Delegates who want to follow up some of the ideas I discussed might look at the Social Media Guidelines posted for consultation by the UK's Chartered Institute of Public Relations - download here.

    Timing is everything

    "Coming soon! A waterside development of luxury apartments...."

    Sounds attractive? Well, maybe not when the billboard is a few yards from Morpeth's main street, which still bears the scars of Saturday's floods and where ruined furniture lies in heartbreaking piles outside real people's homes. 

    Good communicators react to the news agenda. Hats off to Flybe who have given an aircraft named Kevin Keegan a black nose cone in protest at his treatment by Newcastle United.

    Privacy 2.0: Ethical journalism in a world without secrets

    Here's the abstract for a paper I am presenting at the Association for Journalism Education's conference in Sheffield on Friday. Any thoughts, comments welcome...!

    Debate around ‘privacy’ has long been a key theme in journalism ethics and regularly exercises bodies such as the Press Complaints Commission. Journalists are accused of intrusion when they employ tactics ranging from aggressive doorstepping, using telephoto lenses, or scavenging through  rubbish bins. The contested area is usually when information is made public that the complainant thought was private and for which no consent was given; today, the rapid rise of social media is transforming notions of ‘private space’ as users routinely and voluntarily offer up large amounts of personal information to a potentially unlimited audience, including journalists.

    Drawing initially in the work of cyberlaw expert Johnathan Zittrain, author of  The Future of the Internet (2008), this paper seeks to examine whether traditional notions of privacy need to be re-examined in a world where ‘secrets’ are routinely put on public display. Soon, photo-recognition search software will automatically ‘tag’ faces in online photo albums, already websites can use GPS and online maps to give a real time account of the movements of celebrities. These changes are upon us and Zittrain argues that words like ‘public and private are no longer subtle enough to express the kind of privacy we may want’.

    So how should journalists respond to what Zittrains call the ‘privacy mosiac’? What are the consequences for truthful expression in  a ‘hyperscrutinised society’?

    PR, democracy and human rights

    CIPR chief executive Colin Farrington has written a powerful and passionate polemic on the social role of public relations PR Voice: Public relations, democracy and human rights in our 60th year.

    He writes: "We can all take heart at how absolutely central communication and dialogue is seen to the achievement of human rights ambitions and development."

    I doubt that David Miller and  William Dinan, powerful and passionate authors of 

    A Century of Spin: How Public Relations Became the Cutting Edge of Corporate Power would take quite the same view...

    I am not sure I entirely agree with either viewpoint...

    RSS readers: why have just one? | Online Journalism Blog

    Link: RSS readers: why have just one? | Online Journalism Blog.

    Media relations

    Link: SMS Text News » Archives » 3UK are on a mission. In other news, I almost beat the crap out of the mainstream media today..

    Here's an interesting take on a press launch - blogger praises mobile provider 3's PR team and slates uninformed MSM journalists.

    Ewan is not impressed by two 'airhead extreme' writers 'caked in foundation and obviously from a women’s magazine of some sort'. He doubts, presumably rightly, that their technical knowledge matches his own...

    "I guarantee you that this girly magazine in question has readers who are ultra keen to know about 3’s products... For today’s young ladies, technology in the form of a hot mobile phone is particularly important.

    "Yet I just know that this magazine will do a half page bullshit piece of rubbish featuring 50 words on the Skypephone or the new N96. And that’ll be it."

    It would be interesting to know what the 3 PR team would prefer?

    Penguin takes flight

    Penguin Books are doing a lot of interesting stuff online - I rather like this...


    Tagged Penguin from Penguin Books on Vimeo.

    The Penguin blog is always readable and the Blog a Classic campaign was a deserved prizewinner.

    Ethics: PRSA fights back

    Lufthansa: maps beat marking

    Faced with a huge pile of marking the last thing I needed was to be pointed to an addictive game. Thanks to Liz Bridgen, I now have a detailed knowledge of Lufthansa's flight network.... Click here to play

    European Communication Monitor 2008

    European Communication Monitor explores future trends in public relations and communication management. It is an international research project conducted by ten universities, conducted through an online survey which runs until June 30.

    Here's the announcement...

    The European Public Relations Education and Research Association (EUPRERA), a network of leading scholars from more than 30 countries, announced the start of the most ambitious survey in the field of
    communication management and public relations. The "European Communication Monitor 2008" addresses PR professionals in organisations and consultancies throughout Europe. The online survey at www.communicationmonitor.eu runs until the end of June. It will take about ten minutes to answer the online
    questions. All participants will receive a full report of the results and be included in a draw for three Apple iPod Shuffle music players. The project serves solely academic purposes; privacy is fully respected.

    The public opinion market in Europe is converging and so are the public spheres where information is shared and reputation is built. Lead researcher Ansgar Zerfass, professor at the University of Leipzig, remarked, "Public relations is facing new challenges. Our survey tries to identify strategies and approaches that are relevant for future business."

    The survey will be conducted for the second time. It attracted more than 1,100 participants last year and showed up a number of valuable results. This year's topics include strategic issues, upcoming communication channels, new media, corporate social responsibility, evaluation, agency relationships etc.

    • European Communication Monitor 2008 at a glance:
      - online questionnaire: www.communicationmonitor.eu
      - survey period: May 30 until June 30, 2008 (4 weeks)
      - target group: public relations professionals and communication managers in
      corporations and institutions; professionals in communication consultancies
      - research conducted and advised by professors from: University of Leipzig
      (GE); Leeds Metropolitan University (UK); University of Amsterdam (NL);
      University of Ljubljana (SI); University Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid (ES); IULM
      University, Milano (IT); University of Bordeaux 3 (FR); Mälardalen
      University (SE); University of Oslo (NO); Poznan University of Economics
      (PL)
      - supported by: Communication Director - Magazine for Corporate
      Communications and Public Relations
      - supported by: Cision - a leading global provider of media monitoring,
      distribution and evaluation services
      - contact: mailto:info@communicationmonitor.eu

    The Future of the Internet, by Jonathan Zittrain

    ZittrainThe full title of cyberlaw scholar Jonathan Zittrain's The Future of the Internet And How to Stop It is stencilled across yellow and black warning stripes. The message is clear: something terrible is going to happen - unless...

    Whoever pitched this book is trying too hard. It is by no means an easy read, rather a fascinating exploration of the internet, bringing together sociological insights with business history, and set in a framework of a fast moving and elusive legal structure. OK, he does say that if we all go on like this it will all end in tears but Zittrain's is not a hand-wringing, why-oh-why condemnation, rather a highly intelligent analysis of a digital world stretched seemingly to breaking point by the tensions between creative, open collaboration and closed but efficient business models.

    The essential conflict is between what Zittrain terms generative platforms which can be reprogrammed and repurposed by almost anyone and tethered appliances that pretty much controlled by the manufacturer. It's the difference between a PC and TiVo or a toaster. PCs were designed to run software written by other people unlike appliances which are tied to (tethered) and ultimately controlled by the supplier.

    A similar pattern emerged when the internet took off. Some prioviders, such as CompuServe tried a walled garden approach, but the infinite flexibility and range of possibilities offered by the Net hugely outpaced the creative endeavour of controlling proprietary networks.

    Initially at least, this generative creativity was good - until people began relasing bad code, either from folly, carelessness or less forgivable motives.

    "Generative sources are built on the notion that they are never fully complete, that they have many usages yet to be conceived of and that the public can be trusted to invent and share good uses." So far so good, but "generativity also brings a capacity to produce unanticipated change through unfiltered contributions from broad and varied audiences." People do bad things.

    Viruses, trojans, worms, surveillance programmes and identity theft are part of online life; mobile phones and sat-navs can be remotely controlled to eavesdrop on conversations and track our movements. Computers atre not necessarily our friends - and, especially when they are networked, the potential threats are mushrooming.

    One way forward is increasingly to opt for tethered appliances that pretty much do what they set out to do and can't be reconfigured by the average owner. In effect they are rented rather than owned, but this puts a huge power into the hands of the manufacturer who can withdraw or reprogramme applicances at any time. Zittrain suggest a scenario whereby Kodak owned the rights and uses to pictures taken on its cameras - few consumers would go for this, but most of us keep increasingly large amounts of personal and business information on external netwroks rather than on our own computer.

    The implications for this abrogation of control have enormous implications for personal privacy, and Zittrain's chapter on Privacy 2.0 is a must-read.

    Google mail trawling personal emails to help target advertising is one thing, but can we be comfortable as it becomes possible to configure use image recognition technology that processes tagged photos on Facebook and Flickr to automatically label label all future images of that individual. Zittrain speculates plausibly about the impact of mashups using such techniques to instantly cross reference people emerging from a clinic or taking part in a  demonstration.

    "Public" and "private" are increasingly becoming blured and vague terms that lack the subtlty to describe our new world. As Zittrain observes: "For privacy the public is variously creator, beneficiary and victim of this free-for-all."

    "As people put data on the internet for others to use or re-use - data that might be about other people, as well as themselves - there are no tools to allow those who provide the data to express preferences about how the data ought to be indexed or used." As he warns, even those who are equipped to make rational decisions about sharing personal information in the short-term might underestimate what might happen in the futire as it is re-used and repurposed.

    Sometimes Zittrain writes like a lawyer and he is certainly not afraid to make the reader do the work, but this a powerful book which I will return to again and again. Read it!

    Trust and Flat Earth News

    Trust_monck_4Nick Davies seemed to surprise a few people with a scathing critique of modern journalism which he characterised as Flat Earth News. Certainly he highlighted some pretty shabby practices in a curate's egg of a book - one minute I was right behind him, the next shaking my head in frustration...

    One of Davies's key messages was that modern news organisations lack the resources to do their job properly. Starved of cash, newpapers are filled with PR-driven 'churnalism' and even apparently decent journalists have little choice but to rush out a mishmash of half-baked, barely checked information. It is a sorry tale: "Journalism without checking is like the human body without an immune system."

    In Can You Trust The Media?, Adrian Monck has a rather different take on fairly similar terrain. His answer to the trust question seems quite simple - a resounding No. And his reasoning is compelling: why should you?

    His mission is to 'burst the trust balloon'. "We need to teach people to live in a world where trust is something that is withheld. People need to be sceptical as a matter of course. Then they won't be so disappointed."

    Continue reading "Trust and Flat Earth News" »

    We are the Dead

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    Around this time last year I re-read Orwell's 1984 and was so impressed I included it in an exercise that has thrilled my Level 2 students, who were asked to to pitch it to journalists who were running a book week aimed at persuading 18-25s to read more. (It's complicated, but I am sure they enjoyed it!). There's a fascinating piece on the Official Penguin blog about how they approached rewriting the blurb for (yet another) new edition. It's a pretty goood attempt!

    'It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen.’

    Winston Smith works for the Ministry of Truth in London, chief city of Airstrip One. Big Brother stares out from every poster, the Thought Police uncover every act of betrayal. When Winston finds love with Julia, he discovers that life does not have to be dull and deadening, and awakens to new possibilities. Despite the police helicopters that hover and circle overhead, Winston and Julia begin to question the Party; they are drawn towards conspiracy. Yet Big Brother will not tolerate dissent – even in the mind. For those with original thoughts they invented Room 101 …

    Here's what Senior Copywriter Colin Brush had to say: "This edition is not the Penguin Modern Classics edition. This edition is the one we want to get into the hands of school kids, to grab their short attention spans. So yes, putting the key words - Big Brother, Thought Police, Room 101, Ministry of Truth - in there is important, but that is no reason to leave the story or the characters out.

    "The great thing about Nineteen Eighty-Four is that it is so unsettling, it is so terrifying and bleak (and not much fun as satire, either). To get that across we need to know what's at stake - what Big Brother is opposed to. We need Winston and Julia, their hopes and love, their humanity. Without Winston and Julia there is no tension, no story."

    PROpenMic

    PROpenMic, the Ning social network set up by Robert French, will soon have 500 members (including a good number who know each other from Euprera and EuroBlog). The platform is powerful - a more serious version of Facebook - and I am hoping it will be of real value to my students.

    It is early days and most people are still experimenting but it will be fascinating to see how it develops. Robert is working hard to bring in new members and again it will be interesting to see how many people can join without diluting its impact.

    Like everything else, it will be about content and value - the more that people get out of it, the more they will put in.

    Prague: A man's got to do...

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    I am in Prague, talking about reputation and relationship management. Here is the image I chose to represent their beautiful city. Movie to follow... guess which bit moves. 

    New look for my Orbit

    200_3Rather than work I have just downloaded and installed a trial version of the SPB Mobile Shell for my Orbit 2 (details http://www.xda-blog.co.uk/). I'd love to say I like it because it looks rather good (which it does) but it is also a huge boon for someone whose eyesight isn't quite what it used to be but doesn't like wearing glasses. Big bright symbols, an analogue clock and even a weather forecast function for when I can't be bothered to look out of the window!!!   

    Ofcom Social Networking report

    Ofcom has published a valuable report on the penetration of social media in the UK, finding that  just over one fifth (22%) of adult internet users aged 16+ and almost half (49%) of children aged 8-17 who use the internet have set up their own profile on a social networking site

    Download the executive summary and full report

    Social networkers differ in their attitudes to social networking sites and in their behaviour while using them. Ofcom’s qualitative research indicates that site users tend to fall into five distinct groups based on their behaviours and attitudes. These are as follows:

    • Alpha Socialisers (a minority) – people who used sites in intense short bursts to flirt, meet new people, and be entertained.
    • Attention Seekers – (some) people who craved attention and comments from others, often by posting photos and customising their profiles.
    • Followers – (many) people who joined sites to keep up with what their peers were doing.
    • Faithfuls – (many) people who typically used social networking sites to rekindle old friendships, often from school or university.
    • Functionals – (a minority) people who tended to be single-minded in using sites for a particular purpose.

    Download as a presentation

    Twittering 'Everybody'

    Paul Bradshaw has now posted some thoughts on his collaborative Twitter review of Here Comes Everybody. I was interested by his response to Dave Lee in which he says: "Dave was mistaking Twitter for a pure publishing platform. What I discovered was this: it was about a conversation, not a publication."

    He obviously has a point, but the exchange highlights how hard it is now to distinguish between conversation and publication. Part of me felt uncomfortable reading and commenting on a dialogue between Twitterers but at the same time they had chosen to hold their conversation in a public place.

    Maybe Paul gets closer to the real distinction when he observes: "A blog post is more ‘finished’ than a series of Twitter tweets. I didn’t have to worry as much about structure or what to leave in or out - if I felt I was reading an important point, I twittered it. If it sparked off a thought or example of my own, I twittered it...."

    Leaving aside the frequently made (and often justified) criticism that too many blog posts are anything but 'finished', this gets closer to the point; if they are searchable and publicly accessible, Tweets are published, but the essential difference is lies in the degree of completeness.

    I don't suppose any journalist ever believes they have 'completed' a story...   

    Valuable help for PR students

    Two really valuable resources emerged this week, both of which should be particularly interesting to PR students.

    Richard Bailey and team have launched the online edition of Behind the Spin magazine with a first issue that looks at public affairs. Part of me believes that magazines should be on paper and I do mourn the loss of the 'proper' publication but there are many strengths to the new format. So read and contribute! The more people who get involve, the better it is going to be.

    At the same time, Robert French, of Auburn University, Alabama, has set up a social networking site for PR students and educators called PROpenMic. Judging by the rate at which people are joining this promises to be a very useful platform for anyone looking for internships and study abroad opportunities.

          

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